Restrooms
米国省エネ基準に準拠した効率的な照明制御を実現するため、人感センサーソリューションの理解と導入を支援する化粧室向け省エネガイドをご覧ください。
Maximize Energy Efficiency in Restrooms with Occupancy Sensors
Restrooms in commercial buildings are frequently used spaces that often remain lit even when unoccupied, leading to significant energy wastage. These spaces typically use high-intensity lighting fixtures that consume substantial amounts of energy. The sporadic and unpredictable nature of restroom usage further exacerbates this issue, as lights are often left on unnecessarily during periods of non-use.
Given these factors, the potential for energy savings in restrooms is substantial. By implementing occupancy sensor solutions, commercial facilities can significantly reduce their lighting energy consumption. Occupancy sensors detect the presence or absence of people and automatically control the lighting accordingly, ensuring lights are only on when needed. This not only saves energy but also extends the lifespan of lighting fixtures, leading to additional cost savings.
エネルギー基準（省エネコード）への適合
国際省エネルギー基準（IECC）は、建築物におけるエネルギー効率の最小設計・施工要件を確立するために、国際基準評価機構（ICC）によって策定されたモデル基準です。IECCは、最新の省エネルギー手法や技術を取り入れるため、3年ごとに改定されています。
IECCに準拠すべき理由
IECCは全米の州や自治体で広く採用されています。IECCは、建築外皮（壁、屋根、窓）、冷暖房システム、照明システムなど、エネルギー利用の多様な側面をカバーしています。
IECCでは、さまざまなエリアの不在空間におけるエネルギーの無駄を最小限に抑えるため、人感センサーなどの特定の照明制御の設置が義務付けられています。
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1（低層住宅を除く敷地および建築物のためのエネルギー基準）は、米国暖房冷凍空調学会（ASHRAE）が発行している、広く認知されたエネルギー基準です。
ASHRAE 90.1に準拠すべき理由
ASHRAE 90.1は、全米における建築物エネルギー基準のベンチマークとして使用されており、IECC内の適合パスとしても機能しています。この基準は、建築外皮、HVACシステム、給湯システム、照明システムを含む、商業ビル構成要素の省エネルギー性能に関する最小要件を提示しています。
ASHRAE 90.1基準では、許容される最大照明電力密度の規定に加え、特定エリアにおける人感センサーの使用を含む、最小限の照明制御要件を規定しています。
カリフォルニア州建築基準法第24条第6部（正式名称：住宅および非住宅建築物のための建築エネルギー効率基準）は、カリフォルニア州エネルギー委員会（CEC）によって管理され、新しい省エネ技術や手法を反映するために定期的に改定されています。
Title 24に準拠すべき理由
Title 24はその厳格な要件で知られており、全米の他の多くのエネルギー基準よりも厳しいと評価されることがよくあります。Title 24は、暖房、換気、空調（HVAC）、給湯、照明など、建築物施工のあらゆる側面に対して厳しいエネルギー性能基準を義務付けています。
Title 24では、エネルギーの無駄を確実に防ぐため、商業ビルの特定エリアにおいて室内の占有状況に応じて照明を調整する人感センサーの設置が義務付けられています。
州別のエネルギー基準（省エネコード）採用状況
Expand to see the detailed table ↓
| State | Current Commercial Code | Commercial Code Efficiency Category |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Alaska | None statewide | No statewide code |
| Arizona | Home rule | <90.1-2007 |
| Arkansas | 2009 IECC and 90.1-2007 | 90.1-2007 |
| California | 2022 Building Energy Efficiency Standards | 90.1-2019 |
| Colorado | Home rule | No statewide code |
| Connecticut | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| Delaware | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| District of Columbia | 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Florida | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2016 |
| Georgia | 2015 IECC and 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2013 |
| Hawaii | Home rule | 90.1-2013 |
| Idaho | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| Illinois | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| Indiana | 90.1-2007 | 90.1-2007 |
| Iowa | 2012 IECC and 90.1-2010 | 90.1-2007 |
| Kansas | Home rule | No statewide code |
| Kentucky | 2012 IECC and 90.1-2010 | 90.1-2007 |
| Louisiana | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2016 |
| Maine | 2015 IECC and 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Maryland | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Massachusetts | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Michigan | 2015 IECC and 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2013 |
| Minnesota | 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Mississippi | None statewide | No statewide code |
| Missouri | Home rule | No statewide code |
| Montana | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| Nebraska | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| Nevada | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| New Hampshire | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2013 |
| New Jersey | 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| New Mexico | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| New York | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2016 |
| North Carolina | 2015 IECC and 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2010 |
| North Dakota | Home rule | No statewide code |
| Ohio | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2016 |
| Oklahoma | 2006 IECC and 90.1-2004 | <90.1-2007 |
| Oregon | 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| Pennsylvania | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| Rhode Island | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2013 |
| South Carolina | 2009 IECC and 90.1-2007 | 90.1-2007 |
| South Dakota | Home rule | No statewide code |
| Tennessee | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2007 |
| Texas | 2015 IECC and 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Utah | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Vermont | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Virginia | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Washington | 2018 Washington State Energy Code | 90.1-2019 |
| Tennessee | 2012 IECC and 90.1-2010 | 90.1-2007 |
| Texas | 2015 IECC and 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Utah | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Vermont | 2018 IECC and 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Virginia | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Washington | 2018 Washington State Energy Code | 90.1-2019 |
| West Virginia | 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Wisconsin | 2015 IECC and 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2010 |
| Wyoming | Home rule | No statewide code |
- ^ When an amendment impacting energy efficiency can be quantified using DOE Prototype Building Models, they were captured in the analysis.
- For states adopting both IECC and 90.1, the IECC code is usually analyzed as the state current code in this study except for states with extensive amendments to the IECC.
Design Guide Key Concepts for Restrooms
Designing an energy-efficient lighting control solution for restrooms involves strategic placement of occupancy sensors to ensure comprehensive coverage of the space.
By following these guidelines, businesses can create an energy-efficient lighting control solution for restrooms that reduces energy waste, and lowers maintenance costs:
- Entrance Coverage: Install a wall occupancy sensor near the entrance to detect when someone enters the restroom. This sensor should be positioned high enough to avoid obstructions from the door and should not directly face the entrance to avoid false triggers from movement outside the restroom.
- Stall Coverage: Depending on customer preference for privacy, stalls can either be covered by a sensor or not. If stalls are not covered by a sensor, program a longer timeout (15 or 20 minutes) to prevent lights from turning off when someone is in the stall. If individual stall sensors are used, they should be installed in such a way that they do not detect movement outside the stall to avoid false triggers.
- Sink and Mirror Area: Install a ceiling occupancy sensor above the sink and mirror area. This sensor should be positioned to cover the entire area, ensuring that lights remain on when someone is using the sink or mirror.
- Avoidance of Air Vents: Do not mount sensors close to air vents, as the vibration and air flow can reduce the effectiveness of the sensor. PIR sensors should not be within 4ft of an air vent, and ultrasonic sensors should not be within 6ft of an air vent.
- Manual Control: Integrate manual control to turn ON/OFF all lighting with our occupancy/vacancy sensors. This allows for manual override of the lighting system if necessary.
Featured Products & Solutions
Wall Sensor Switches
RZ020/021 Motion Sensor Switches
- 2-wire, 3-wire, 4-wires wiring options
- Occupancy, Vacancy, Manual ON/OFF
- Adjustive time delay and ambient light control
Multi-Location Wireless Wall Sensors
RZ020A/021A + RZ022W Kits
- Hardwired RZ021A/022A occupancy sensor switch
- Wireless companion switch (RZ022W) for multi-location control
Ceiling Occupancy Sensors
RZ036
- Hardwired occupancy sensors
- Auto ON, auto OFF
- Line voltage and Low voltage available
Core features included:
- Integrated manual ON/OFF control for all lighting
- Vacancy sensors (Manual ON only): Lights must be turned on manually only
- Adjustable time-delay, lighting is automatically turned full OFF after 15mins
- Additional: multi-location wireless kits to expand the control range without re-wring
- Additional: multiple wiring options available for both new constructions and retrofit projects.
Meets the Mandatory Provisions
IECC – 2011
C405.2.1 Occupant sensor controls
Occupant sensor controls shall be installed to control lights in the space.
C405.2.1.1 Occupant sensor control functions
- Manual on or partial on to no more than 50% power.
- Full off within 20 minutes after all occupants have left the space
- A manual control to turn off the lights.
**Full automatic-on controls with no manual control are permitted in restrooms where manual operation would endanger occupant safety or security.
ASHRAE 90.1 – 2022
Restrooms shall also be controlled by occupant sensors.
9.4.1.1 H Automatic full OFF control
All lighting in the space shall be automatically shut off within 20 minutes of all occupants leaving the space
Title 24 – 2022
130.1 (a) Manual area controls.
Each area enclosed by ceiling-height partitions shall provide lighting controls that allow the lighting in that area to be manually turned on and off.
** Restrooms having two or more stalls may use a manual control not accessible to unauthorized personnel.
130.1 (c) Shut-OFF Controls.
Lighting shall be controlled with occupant sensing controls to automatically shut OFF all of the lighting in 20 minutes or less after the control zone is unoccupied that shall function either as:
- A. Occupant sensing controls (if 130.1(b) not required to have multi-level lighting controls); or
- B. Partial-ON occupant sensing controls, or
- C. Vacancy sensing controls, where all lighting responds to a manual ON input only
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