開放式辦公室
探索自動化照明控制在提升效率與減少能源浪費方面的強大優勢。了解如何優化工作空間的照明控制，以兼顧效率與舒適度。
利用智能佔空感應器革新您的開放式辦公室照明
開放式辦公室以廣闊的空間和隔間屏風為特色，是許多現代工作場所常見的格局。這些空間通常人來人往，充滿著員工工作、協作和走動。廣闊的區域需要充足的照明，通常由高強度的燈具提供。這些燈具在整個工作天中持續開啟，消耗大量能源。此外，即使在辦公室空置期間（例如非辦公時間或午休時間），燈光也往往保持開啟，導致不必要的能源消耗。
開放式辦公室照明的高能源消耗，無論出於環境還是經濟原因均備受關注。隨著對能源效益和可持續發展的重視日益增加，企業正積極尋求減少碳足跡的方法。此外，能源成本可佔公司營運開支的重大比例，因此實施節能措施亦是一項明智的財務決策。
為了解決此問題，在開放式辦公室中整合佔空感應器提供了一個極具吸引力的解決方案。佔空感應器可根據空間內是否有人而自動控制照明，從而大幅減少不必要的能源消耗。當辦公室空置時，感應器可自動關閉或調暗燈光，藉此節約能源。透過將我們的感應器無縫整合至您的開放式辦公室佈局中，您可以將開放式辦公室轉型為符合美國能源法規嚴格要求的節能工作空間。
符合能源法規
《國際能源節約規範》（International Energy Conservation Code，簡稱 IECC）是由國際規範委員會（International Code Council，簡稱 ICC）制定的示範規範，旨在確立建築物能源效益的最低設計與建造要求。IECC 每三年更新一次，以納入最新的能源節約實踐與技術。
IECC：為何您需要關注
IECC 已被美國各州和地方政府廣泛採用。IECC 涵蓋能源使用的多個方面，包括建築外圍結構（牆壁、屋頂和窗戶）、供暖與制冷系統，以及照明系統。
IECC 強制要求使用特定的照明控制設備（例如佔用感應器），以最大限度地減少各區域無人空間的能源浪費。
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1（除低層住宅建築外的地點與建築能源標準）是由美國採暖、制冷與空調工程師學會（ASHRAE）發布的廣受認可之能源標準。
ASHRAE 90.1：為何您需要關注
ASHRAE 90.1 被用作全美建築能源法規的基準，並作為 IECC 內部的合規途徑，其中概述了商業建築組件（包括建築外圍結構、HVAC 系統、水加熱系統和照明系統）能源效益表現的最低要求。
ASHRAE 90.1 標準規定了最大允許照明功率密度和最低照明控制要求，包括在特定區域使用佔用感應器。
Title 24 為加州建築標準法規第 6 部分，官方稱為《住宅與非住宅建築能源效益標準》。Title 24 由加州能源委員會管理，並定期更新以反映新的能源效益技術與方法。
Title 24：為何您需要關注
Title 24 以其嚴格的要求而聞名，通常被認為比美國許多其他能源法規更為嚴格。Title 24 對建築施工的所有方面（包括供暖、通風、空調 (HVAC)、水加熱和照明）都制定了嚴格的能源表現標準。
Title 24 要求在商業建築的特定區域安裝佔用感應器，根據房間的佔用情況調節燈光，以確保不會浪費能源。
按州劃分的能源法規採用情況
展開以查看詳細表格 ↓
| 州份 | 現行商業法規 | 商業法規效益類別 |
|---|---|---|
| 阿拉巴馬州 | 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| 阿拉斯加州 | 無全州統一規範 | 無全州統一法規 |
| 亞利桑那州 | 地方自治 | <90.1-2007 |
| 阿肯色州 | 2009 IECC 及 90.1-2007 | 90.1-2007 |
| 加利福尼亞州 | 2022年建築能源效益標準 | 90.1-2019 |
| 科羅拉多州 | 地方自治 | 無全州統一法規 |
| 康涅狄格州 | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| 特拉華州 | 2018 IECC 及 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| 哥倫比亞特區 | 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2019 |
| 佛羅里達州 | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2016 |
| 佐治亞州 | 2015 IECC 及 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2013 |
| 夏威夷州 | 地方自治 | 90.1-2013 |
| 愛達荷州 | 2018 IECC 及 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| 伊利諾伊州 | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| 印第安納州 | 90.1-2007 | 90.1-2007 |
| 愛荷華州 | 2012 IECC 與 90.1-2010 | 90.1-2007 |
| 堪薩斯州 | 地方自治 | 無全州統一法規 |
| 肯塔基州 | 2012 IECC 與 90.1-2010 | 90.1-2007 |
| 路易斯安那州 | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2016 |
| 緬因州 | 2015 IECC 與 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| 馬里蘭州 | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| 麻省 | 2018 IECC 與 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2019 |
| 密歇根州 | 2015 IECC 及 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2013 |
| 明尼蘇達州 | 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| 密西西比州 | 無全州統一規範 | 無全州統一法規 |
| 密蘇里州 | 地方自治 | 無全州統一法規 |
| 蒙大拿州 | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| Nebraska | 2018 IECC 及 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| Nevada | 2018 IECC 及 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| New Hampshire | 2018 IECC 與 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2013 |
| New Jersey | 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| New Mexico | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| New York | 2018 IECC 與 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2016 |
| North Carolina | 2015 IECC 及 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2010 |
| North Dakota | 地方自治 | 無全州統一法規 |
| Ohio | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2016 |
| Oklahoma | 2006 IECC and 90.1-2004 | <90.1-2007 |
| Oregon | 90.1-2019 | 90.1-2019 |
| Pennsylvania | 2018 IECC 及 90.1-2016 | 90.1-2013 |
| Rhode Island | 2018 IECC 與 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2013 |
| South Carolina | 2009 IECC 及 90.1-2007 | 90.1-2007 |
| South Dakota | 地方自治 | 無全州統一法規 |
| Tennessee | 2021 IECC and 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2007 |
| Texas | 2015 IECC 與 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Utah | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Vermont | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Virginia | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Washington | 2018 Washington State Energy Code | 90.1-2019 |
| Tennessee | 2012 IECC 與 90.1-2010 | 90.1-2007 |
| Texas | 2015 IECC 與 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Utah | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Vermont | 2018 IECC 與 90.1-2016^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Virginia | 2021 IECC 及 90.1-2019^ | 90.1-2019 |
| Washington | 2018 Washington State Energy Code | 90.1-2019 |
| West Virginia | 90.1-2013 | 90.1-2013 |
| Wisconsin | 2015 IECC 及 90.1-2013^ | 90.1-2010 |
| Wyoming | 地方自治 | 無全州統一法規 |
- ^ When an amendment impacting energy efficiency can be quantified using DOE Prototype Building Models, they were captured in the analysis.
- For states adopting both IECC and 90.1, the IECC code is usually analyzed as the state current code in this study except for states with extensive amendments to the IECC.
開放式辦公室設計指南核心概念
為開放式辦公室設計高能源效益的照明控制方案時，需要策略性地佈置佔用傳感器，以確保覆蓋整個空間。
In an open office setting, the primary areas to consider for sensor placement are the main walkways and areas with high foot traffic. These areas are crucial for sensor placement as they are the main areas of human traffic:
- Cover Main Walkways: The main walkways in an open office are the areas with the highest foot traffic. Therefore, these should be the primary focus when placing sensors. Ceiling-mounted sensors are ideal for these areas as they provide a wide coverage area and are strategically placed to cover the entire length.
- Overlap Coverage on Walkways: To avoid blind spots, ensure that the coverage patterns of the sensors overlap along the walkways. This ensures continuous detection as people move through the space, preventing any gaps in sensor coverage.
- Use a Long Timeout: Given the size and activity level in open offices, use a longer timeout setting (15 or 20 minutes) on the sensors. This prevents the lights from turning off too soon when there’s no movement detected for a brief period.
- Consider Wall-Mounted Sensors: If the cubicle walls are short, consider using wall-mounted sensors in addition to ceiling-mounted ones. These can provide additional coverage and ensure that all areas of the office are monitored.
- Avoid Air Vents: Don’t place sensors near air vents. The vibration and airflow can reduce the effectiveness of the sensors. PIR sensors should not be within 4ft of an air vent, and ultrasonic sensors should not be within 6ft of an air vent.
- Manual Control: Incorporate manual controls that are integrated with the occupancy sensors. This allows for manual override to turn ON/OFF all lighting when necessary.
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Meets the Mandatory Provisions
IECC – 2011
C405.2.1 Occupant sensor controls
Occupant sensor controls shall be installed to control lights in the space.
For open offices < 300 sq. ft:
C405.2.1.1 Occupant sensor control functions
- Manual on or partial on to no more than 50% power.
- Full off within 20 minutes after all occupants have left the space
- A manual control to turn off the lights.
For open offices > 300 sq. ft:
- The general lighting shall be controlled separately in control zones with floor areas not greater than 600 sq. ft within the open plan office space.
- In each control zone, the general lighting shall be permitted to automatically turn on within the control zone. In other unoccupied zones, the general lighting shall be permitted to turn on to < 20% full power(or unaffected).
- Automatically turn off general lighting in all control zones within 20 minutes after all occupants have left the space.
- In each control zone, the general lighting shall turn off or uniformly reduce lighting power to an unoccupied setpoint of < 20% full power within 20 minutes after all occupants have left.
ASHRAE 90.1 – 2022
For open offices in any sizes:
9.4.1.1 a Local control
There shall be one or more manual lighting control device that provides ON and OFF control
of all lighting in the space.
9.4.1.1 b Restricted to manual ON
None of the lighting shall be automatically turned on
9.4.1.1 c Restricted to partial automatic ON
No more than 50% of the lighting power for the general lighting shall be allowed to be automatically turned on
** NOTE: At least one 9.4.1.1 b or 9.4.1.1 c shall be implemented.
9.4.1.1 H Automatic full OFF control
All lighting in the space shall be automatically shut off within 20 minutes of all occupants leaving the space
Additionally, for open offices > 300 sq. ft:
9.4.1.1 g Automatic reduction control
The general lighting power in the space shall be automatically reduced by at least 50% within 15 minutes of all occupants leaving the space.
Title 24 – 2022
For open offices in any sizes:
130.1 (a) Manual area controls.
Each area enclosed by ceiling-height partitions shall provide lighting controls that allow the lighting in that area to be manually turned on and off.
130.1 (c) Shut-OFF Controls.
Additionally, for open offices <250 sq. ft:
130.1 (c) 5. Occupant sensing controls are required for specified offices.
Lighting shall be controlled with occupant sensing controls to automatically shut OFF all of the lighting in 20 minutes or less after the control zone is unoccupied that shall function either as:
- A. Occupant sensing controls (if 130.1(b) not required to have multi-level lighting controls); or
- B. Partial-ON occupant sensing controls, or
- C. Vacancy sensing controls, where all lighting responds to a manual ON input only
Additionally, for open offices > 250 sq. ft:
130.1 (c) 6. Full or partial-OFF occupant sensing controls are required for offices greater than 250 square feet.
In office spaces greater than 250 square feet, general lighting shall be controlled with occupant sensing controls that meet all of the following:
- Lighting shall be controlled separately in control zones not greater than 600 square feet. For luminaires with an embedded occupant sensor that are capable of reducing power independently from other luminaires, each luminaire can be considered its own control zone
- The occupant sensing controls shall uniformly reduce lighting power in the control zone by at least 80% full power(or off) in 20 minutes or less after the control zone is unoccupied.
- The occupant sensing controls shall automatically turn off lighting in ALL control zones in 20 minutes or less after the entire office space is unoccupied
- When occupancy is detected:
- in each control zone, lighting shall be allowed to automatically turn on to any level up to full power.
- in other control zones that are unoccupied, lighting shall operate at no more than 20% full power.
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